How do Tigo Optimizers Work?
Predictive IV
Predictive IV uses module behavior statistics in conjunction with Impedance Matching to predict the optimum settings for a module to generate its maximum energy. Performance parameters are set locally, which enables real-time response to changing site conditions for the highest operational efficiency. This feature is part of the TS4 MLPE platform and is found on the TS4-O (Optimization)
Predictive IV technology also allows for selective deployment of optimization. TS4-based modules can be selectively placed to utilize more than one feature set within the same PV array. For example, it allows optimizers to be placed only where modules are shaded, providing a performance boost at a lower cost than full deployment.
The image below shows the output of a string with a single shaded module (measured with an AC meter), both with and without selective deployment. In this example, 18.5% of lost energy was recovered.
Measurements of selective placement experiment, taken by an AC meter.
Greater energy yield with PIV is highly noticeable.
Impedance Matching
The impact of impedance on a system can be loosely explained with an analogy of water restriction.
Modules with direct irradiation offer higher generating capacity (such as the one on the left, showing 150 watts). These would be similar to a pipe section with a large diameter, while the shaded center module (operating at only 50 watts) is represented by a narrower or restricted pipe size.
A shaded module will produce less current than unshaded modules
Connecting modules of varying impedances within a string is similar to connecting water pipe segments of different restricting diameters. The lower-producing modules will affect the efficiency of the whole string, as the flow of current through these modules is impaired in two crucial ways:
- Shaded modules restrict current, resulting in heat dissipation.
- Heat dissipation contributes to module degradation and leaks.
Tigo's patented Predictive IV and impedance-matching technology solves the issues caused by varying output (or panel mismatch) by creating a parallel path for current to flow around the weaker modules. This effectively enables an optimal energy flow throughout the string.
Illustration of bypass tunnel in action
System Components
Tigo TS4 Flex:
For modules equipped with Tigo's modern Optimizing MLPE technology (TS4), the Impedance Matching calculations are performed at each module location.
Tigo Legacy Systems:
In older Tigo systems (ES, 2ES, and 1st generation smart modules), the data logger (Cloud Connect or MMU) provided system-wide analysis via an algorithm. This resulted in each optimizer applying the ideal Impedance Matching Factor (IMF) to ensure the best performance for the array.
In both cases, the Optimizer data received by the data logger is stored and used by Tigo to constantly improve and increase performance.
As a side note: The Tigo data logger can also be used to extract data from 3rd party devices, such as inverters, AC meters, and weather instrumentation, for presentation on the Tigo Account.
How-To: Setup and Monitor Modbus Connected Devices (Inverters, Meters & Sensors)
For further reading, refer to our Optimization whitepaper below.